10 NCERT Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals
Q1. Fill in the blanks –
a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are —————–.
Ans:- ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion.
b) The largest gland in the human body is ——–.
Ans: liver
c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and ——— juices which act on food.
Ans:- digestive
d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many fingers – like outgrowths called ——-.
Ans:- villi
e) Amoeba digests its food in the ———.
Ans:- food vacuole
Q2. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. F
b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. T
c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile. T
d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for some time. T
Q3. Tick (right) mark the correct answer in each of the following:
a) Fat is completely digested in the
i) Stomach
ii) Mouth
iii) Small intestine
iv) Large intestine
b) Water from the undigested food is absorbed mainly in the
i) Stomach
ii) Food pipe
iii) Small intestine
iv) Large intestine
Ans. (a) (iii), (b) (iv).
Q4. Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II
Column I Column II
Food components Product(s) of digestion
Carbohydrates = Sugar
Proteins = Amino acids
Fats = Fatty acids and glycerol
Q5. What are villi? What is their location and function?
Ans. villi are finger–like outgrowths. They are present in the small intestine. The surface of the villi
absorbs the digested food material.
Q6. Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it help to digest?
Ans. The bile is produced in the liver. It helps in the digestion of fats.
Q7. Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by humans. Give the reason also.
Ans. Cellulose can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. This is because of the action of certain
bacteria which are not present in humans.
Q8. Why do we get instant energy from glucose?
Ans. Glucose is a simple sugar that is easily absorbed by the blood. So, glucose gives instant energy.
Q9. Which part of the digestive canal is involved in:
- Absorption of food = small intestine
- Chewing of food = buccal cavity
- Killing bacteria = stomach
- Complete digestion of food = small intestine
- Formation of faeces = large intestine
- Q10. Write one similarity and one difference between the nutrition in amoeba and human beings.
Ans. Similarity:
Both convert complex substances into simpler substances with the help of digestive juices.
Difference:
Humans intake food through the buccal cavity. In amoeba, food is ingested through pseudopodia.
Q11. Match the items in Column I with suitable items in Column II.
Column I Column II
a) Salivary gland = Saliva secretion
b) Stomach = Acid release
c) Liver = Bile juice secretion
d) Rectum = Storage of undigested food
e) Small intestine = Digestion is completed
f) Large intestine = Absorption of water